Prof. Sander van der Linden, Dr Jon Roozenbeek, Dr David Robert Grimes, Prof. Kai Ruggeri, Prof. Stephan Lewandowsky, Thom Roozenbeek, and Prof. Heidi Larson
This submission, from a leading international team of misinformation and public health researchers, sets out the evidence linking misinformation to declining childhood vaccine confidence in the UK. It traces the history of anti-vaccination narratives from Victorian smallpox mandates through the 1998 Wakefield MMR-autism hoax to today’s social media-driven campaigns, and presents data showing confidence among 18–34-year-olds has fallen sharply since 2015. Drawing on case studies (MMR, HPV in Japan and Ireland) and controlled experimental evidence, the authors demonstrate misinformation’s causal role in reduced uptake, and highlight the growing influence of institutionalised misinformation from figures such as RFK Jr. and the MAHA movement. The evidence concludes with recommendations for prebunking, empathetic interviewing, trusted messengers, platform accountability, and coordinated public health campaigns to rebuild vaccine confidence.
Submitted 21 April 2026