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Written Evidence to the House of Lords Childhood Vaccinations Committee

Prof. Sander van der Linden, Dr Jon Roozenbeek, Dr David Robert Grimes, Prof. Kai Ruggeri, Prof. Stephan Lewandowsky, Thom Roozenbeek, and Prof. Heidi Larson

This submission, from a leading international team of misinformation and public health researchers, sets out the evidence linking misinformation to declining childhood vaccine confidence in the UK. It traces the history of anti-vaccination narratives from Victorian smallpox mandates through the 1998 Wakefield MMR-autism hoax to today’s social media-driven campaigns, and presents data showing confidence among 18–34-year-olds has fallen sharply since 2015. Drawing on case studies (MMR, HPV in Japan and Ireland) and controlled experimental evidence, the authors demonstrate misinformation’s causal role in reduced uptake, and highlight the growing influence of institutionalised misinformation from figures such as RFK Jr. and the MAHA movement. The evidence concludes with recommendations for prebunking, empathetic interviewing, trusted messengers, platform accountability, and coordinated public health campaigns to rebuild vaccine confidence.

Submitted 21 April 2026

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Related content

Projects
IRIS Academic Research Group

The IRIS Academic Research Group was founded by some of the world’s leading researchers and academic institutions and launched in June 2021 at the inaugural Global Vaccine Confidence Summit as part of the UK government’s G7 Presidency.

Projects
State of Vaccine Confidence in the EU

In 2018, the European Commission engaged the Vaccine Confidence Project to create the first “State of Vaccine Confidence in the EU” report. Since then, the VCP has conducted bi-annual research to map and monitor public attitudes to vaccines across the region and examine trends over time.

Data Visualisations
The State of Vaccine Confidence in the EU, 2020

Our 2020 study investigated public perceptions towards the importance, safety, and effectiveness of vaccines as well as the perceptions towards the safety…

Projects
CSIS-LSHTM High-Level Panel on Vaccine Confidence and Misinformation

Working through the spring of 2021, the CSIS-LSHTM High-Level Panel on Vaccine Confidence and Misinformation analysed the diverse forms of vaccine hesitancy in the United States and their links to international phenomena.

Projects
Evidence to Policy Pathway to Immunisation in China

Many newer vaccines are not centrally funded in China, and therefore people pay for them out-of-pocket. China is investigating whether to increase the range of vaccines that are fully funded by the central government.

Podcasts
Claudia Hammond interviewed Prof. Heidi Larson in The Evidence on the BBC World Service

Claudia Hammond interviewed Prof. Heidi Larson in The Evidence on the BBC World Service. In this episode of The Evidence, together with Robert Kanwagi and Dr Saad Omer, they discuss the origins of misinformation and its impact.

Summary

Date

2026

Countries:
  • UK
Topics:
  • MMR
  • Misinformation
  • HPV
  • Social Media
  • Trust
  • Vaccine Hesitancy

Latest content

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Podcasts
Listening to Learn with Heidi J. Larson, PhD

How do we build trust in an era of misinformation, social media, and artificial intelligence? In this episode of Infectious IDeas, NFID CEO Rebecca Alvania, PhD, MA, MPH, and NFID Medical Director Robert H. Hopkins, Jr., MD, talk with Heidi J. Larson, PhD, director of the Vaccine Confidence Project.

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Media and commentary
The surprising truth about trust in science

“There has definitely been a growing number of people who question widely accepted scientific evidence,” says VCP Director Heidi Larson. “We’ve always had dissenters, but it’s been very much more on the fringe,” she says.

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Media and commentary
The Lancet Commission on rethinking misinformation, health, and human security 

It is time to systematically address misinformation and disinformation in a health context. A new VCP-led Lancet
Commission on rethinking misinformation, health, and human security will be convene transdisciplinary experts from to rethink a systems approach to these threats.

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